Keywords

• Why is ESL a problem for contemporary (EU) society?

  EU policy documents stress that ESL holds important long-term economic consequences (economic growth) and macro-social consequences (social cohesion). Research calculating the financial costs of ESL very convincingly supports these arguments, while there are various difficulties in quantifying the social consequences of ESL. According to critical policy approaches, this potentially narrows understanding of the problem of ESL to its economic dimension.

  Keywords : EU 
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11 February 2015, by Urška Štremfel

• The emergence, importance and challenges of a cross-sectorial approach to ESL

  The multi-faceted nature of the ESL problem in turn calls for a multi-faceted response. Cross-sectoral cooperation is seen a promising solution in this regard. Although highly promoted in EU policy documents, it encounters a lack of conceptual clarity and various challenges to its practical implementation. The proper evaluation of practices currently in place across the EU would help with its development.

  Keywords : cross-sectorial cooperation  EU  policy  system level 
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11 February 2015, by Urška Štremfel

• ESL in the EU: Learning from differences and common trends

  The differences in policies and practices for addressing ESL in the EU should be seen as creating a lucky situation since through the process of policy learning they enable various unique solutions to be found to the ESL problem. Despite the well-established architecture for policy learning, the vertical transfer of knowledge between the various levels of multi-level governance remains a challenge.

  Keywords : EU  policy learning 
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23 July 2015, by Urška Štremfel