Bibliography

• Interplay of factors contributing to ESL at the levels of the individual, the family and social background

  Individual cognitive factors, especially low-achievement patterns, increase the risk for ESL, but non-cognitive factors (e.g. personality traits, problem behaviour) also play a role. At the level of the family and social background, the most prominent risk factor is low socio-economic status. However, it is noted that ESLers comprise a heterogeneous group.

  Keywords : early school leaving 
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11 February 2015, by Maša Vidmar

• Students’ social and civic competencies: Predictors of ESL

  Externalising behaviours (e.g. deviant, disruptive, oppositional behaviour) are consistently shown to be risk factors for ESL. Civic competence (via participation in extracurricular activities) as well as social competence constitute protective factors. Peers also play a role. Supporting students’ social and emotional adjustment early on is warranted.

  Keywords : early school leaving  social behavior 
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11 February 2015, by Maša Vidmar

• Interplay of factors that contribute to ESL at school level

  Although ESL is impacted by the composition of a school (e.g. mean SES) and its structure (e.g. size), school practices, especially the way curriculum is delivered in practice as well as caring, supportive and respectful teachers (and other school staff) who believe in students’ ability to succeed, seem particularly important for ensuring (potential) ESLers remain in school.

  Keywords : early school leaving  school climate 
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23 July 2015, by Maša Vidmar

• Interplay of factors that contribute to ESL at the system level

  Aspects of the education system that concern the risk of ESL include the socio-economic segregation of schools, early tracking and grade retention. In that regard, protective aspects are high quality and accessible ECEC and VET. Well-managed transitions between educational levels that reflect a student’s changing needs in order to ensure the provision of a developmentally appropriate and engaging context are called for.

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23 July 2015, by Maša Vidmar

• ESL prevention extended to the home environment: the relationship between (authoritative) parenting style and ESL

  Research emphasises the positive impact of an authoritative parenting style on school achievements, school engagement and also directly on ESL. Parents’ behaviour that is accepting, warm and encouraging yet also firm and with clear expectations has the most favourable impact on a child’s/adolescent’s development and also acts as an ESL preventive factor. Other parenting styles (authoritarian, permissive and uninvolved) have been examined less.

  Keywords : early school leaving  parent-child/adolescent relationship  Parenting style  school achievement  school engagement 
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23 July 2015, by Tina Rutar Leban

• Early school leavers in their later (adult) life and social consequences

  ESL holds many far-reaching effects for an individual’s overall quality of life: lower employability, income and savings, inferior (public) health status, less risk aversion and increased criminality, less supportive social capital, and reduced lifetime satisfaction. To successfully tackle ESL, it is therefore crucial for all actors involved to be aware of the consequences and help combat ESL on time.

  Keywords : early school leaving 
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23 July 2015, by Klaudija Šterman Ivančič