Mental health as a risk factor for ESL : diagnostic, prevention, intervention
jeudi 12 novembre 2015, par
ESL is a complex long-term process involving multiple environmental, psychological, and academic factors. The paper analyses possible psychological factors with special focus on anxiety. Anxiety is a cognitive, emotional, behavioural and physiological response of an individual experiencing a feeling of danger or threat, the cause of which they are not aware of (Fonseca & Perrin, 2001). High levels of anxiety, notably where clinical symptoms are expressed, interfere significantly with children’s adaptive functioning, social competence, peer relations, and social adjustment (Schwartz, Hopmeyer, Gorman, Nakamoto, & McKay, 2006), and when present in childhood follow a chronic course, and continue into adulthood (Kim-Cohen et al., 2003 ; Lalongo et al., 1996 ; Woodworth & Fergusson, 2001). On the school level higher anxiety is significantly associated with a negative school climate (Wienke-Totura et al., 2009), negative attitudes to school (Kos, 1990), frequent aggressive behaviour at school (Boxer et al., 2003), lower educational achievement (Duchesne & Ratalle, 2010 ; Normandeau & Guay, 1998) both in clinical and non-clinical samples and in various age groups, i.e. in primary school pupils and upper-secondary school students (Mazzone et al., 2007) and even when cognitive skills are controlled statistically (Gaudry & Spielberger, 1971). In the paper the role of anxiety in ESL is analyses based on the relevant literature review. Studies investigating whether common mental disorders (such as anxiety) indeed constitute relevant risk factors for early school leavers have provided little consistent evidence. The need for clearly establishing relationship between anxiety and ESL is especially relevant since the research has shown that anxiety levels are in increase in school aged populations (Kozina, 2014 ; Twenge, 2000) and the studies in EU (Angermeyer et al., 2004) showed high proportion of 18 year olds as having anxiety disorders (13.6%) the topic is highly relevant.
Forthcoming
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